Kaleidoscope/docs/NEWS.md

Kaleidoscope v2.0

Currently at 1.92-beta, in development!

See UPGRADING.md for more detailed instructions about upgrading from earlier versions (even earlier betas). This is just a list of noteworthy changes.

• New features
• New hardware support
• New plugins
• Breaking changes
• Bugfixes

New features

KeyboardioHID converted to a driver

The KeyboardioHID library used by most Kaleidoscope keyboards as the interface is no longer a separate Arduino library in a separate repository. It has been incorporated into the main Kaleidoscope repository as a driver, but is functionally unchanged. This will make it easier for developers to synchronize changes at different levels in the codebase. No new features were introduced, and this should not directly affect end users, but it is a major reorganization of the codebase.

OneShot public functions

The OneShot plugin now allows other plugins to control the OneShot state of individual keys, by calling one of the following:

• OneShot.setPending(key_addr): Put the key at key_addr in the "pending" OneShot state. This will make that key act like any other OneShot key until it is cancelled by a subsequent keypress. Once a key is in this state, OneShot will manage it from that point on, including making the key "sticky" if it is double-tapped.
• OneShot.setSticky(key_addr): Put the key at key_addr in the "sticky" OneShot state. The key will be released by OneShot when it is tapped again.
• OneShot.setOneShot(key_addr): Put the key at key_addr in the "one-shot" state. This is normally the state OneShot key will be in after it has been tapped. Calling setPending() is more likely to be useful.
• OneShot.clear(key_addr): Clear the OneShot state of the key at key_addr.

Note: Any plugin that calls one of these OneShot methods must either be registered in KALEIDOSCOPE_INIT_PLUGINS() after OneShot, or it must add the INJECTED bit to the keyswitch state of the event (i.e. event.state |= INJECTED) to prevent OneShot from prematurely advancing keys to the next OneShot state.

SpaceCadet "no-delay" mode

SpaceCadet can now be enabled in "no-delay" mode, wherein the primary (modifier) value of the key will be sent to the host immediately when the key is pressed. If the SpaceCadet key is released before the timeout, the modifier is released, and then the alternate (symbol) value is sent. To activate "no-delay" mode, call SpaceCadet.enableWithoutDelay().

New Qukeys features

Tap-repeat

It is now possible to get the "tap" value of a qukey to repeat (as if that key for that character was simply being held down on a normal keyboard) by tapping the qukey, then quickly pressing and holding it down. The result on the OS will be as if the key was pressed and held just once, so that users of macOS apps that use the Cocoa input system can get the menu for characters with diacritics without an extra character in the output.

The maximum interval between the two keypresses that will trigger a tap repeat can be configured via the Qukeys.setMaxIntervalForTapRepeat(ms) function, where the argument specifies the number of milliseconds Qukeys will wait after a qukey is tapped for it to be pressed a second time. If it is, but the qukey is released within that same interval from the first tap's release, it will be treated as a double-tap, and both taps will be sent to the OS.

New OneShot features

Auto-OneShot modifiers & layers

OneShot can now treat modifiers and layer-shift keys as automatic OneShot keys. This includes modifiers with other modifier flags applied, so it is now very simple to turn Key_Meh or Key_Hyper into a OneShot key. The feature is controlled by the following new functions:

• OneShot.toggleAutoModifiers(): Turn auto-OneShot modifiers on or off.
• OneShot.toggleAutoLayers(): Turn auto-OneShot layer shifts on or off.
• OneShot.toggleAutoOneShot(): Both of the above.

There are also enable and disable versions of these functions.

Note, it is still possible to define a modifier key in the keymap that will not automatically become a OneShot key when pressed, by applying modifier flags to Key_NoKey (e.g. LSHIFT(Key_NoKey)).

Two new special OneShot keys

OneShot can now also turn any key into a sticky key, using either of two special Key values that can be inserted in the keymap.

OneShot_MetaStickyKey

This is a special OneShot key (it behaves like other OneShot keys), but its effect is to make any key pressed while it is active sticky. Press OneShot_MetaStickyKey, then press X, and X will become sticky. Sticky keys can be deactivated just like other OneShot keys, by pressing them again. This works for any key value, so use it with caution.

OneShot_ActiveStickyKey

Like OneShot_ActiveStickyKey, this key makes other keys sticky, but rather than affecting a subsequent key, it affects any keys already held when it is pressed. Press X, press OneShot_ActiveStickyKey, and release X, and X will be sticky until it is pressed again to deactivate it. Again, it works on any key value, so use with caution.

LED-ActiveModColor highlighting

With the updates to OneShot, LED-ActiveModColor now recognizes and highlights OneShot keys in three different states (along with normal modifiers):

• one-shot (a key that's active after release, but will time out)
• sticky (a key that will stay active indefinitely after release)
• normal (a key that will stay active only while physically held; also applies to normal modifier keys)

The colors of theses three highlights are controlled by the properties ActiveModColorEffect.oneshot_color, ActiveModColorEffect.sticky_color, and ActiveModColorEffect.highlight_color, respectively.

Better protection against unintended modifiers from Qukeys

Qukeys has two new configuration options for preventing unintended modifiers in the output, particularly when typing fast:

• Qukeys.setMinimumHoldTime(ms) sets the minimum duration of a qukey press required for it to be eligible to take on its alternate (modifier) value.
• Qukeys.setMinimumPriorInterval(ms) sets the minimum interval between the previous printable (letters, numbers, and punctuation) key press and the press of the qukey required to make the qukey eligible to take on its alternate (modifier) value.

KALEIDOSCOPE_API_VERSION bump

KALEIDOSCOPE_API_VERSION has been bumped to 2 due to the plugin API changes mentioned below. It does not mean that version two of the API is final, though. The bump is there so plugins can check it, and make compile-time decisions based on it. Such as whether to compile for the version one, or for the version two API.

The API version will remain the same, even if we introduce breaking changes - until a stable release is made from the v2 branch. From that point onwards, the API version will change with further breaking changes.

New device API

A new hardware device API was introduced in November 2019, replacing the old system. It was designed to be more composable, more future proof than the old system. All hardware plugins under Keyboardio control have been updated to use the new APIs.

See UPGRADING.md for more information.

New plugin API

A new plugin API was introduced in May 2018, which replaces the old system. The new system is hopefully easier to use and develop for:

• It does not require one to register / use hooks anymore. Implementing the interface provided by kaleidoscope::Plugin is all that is required.
• The new system has more hook points, and the method names are much more clear now.

Plugins under Keyboardio control have all been updated to use the new API, and they no longer support the older one.

See UPGRADING.md for more information.

Transition to a monorepo

We heard a lot of complaints that while the plugin architecture of Kaleidoscope is great, having so many plugins scattered around in dozens of repositories is a huge barrier of entry for potential contributors, and a significant pain point for end-users to update. For these reasons and more, we merged almost all plugins into the Kaleidoscope repository.

While at first it may seem that this is a move towards a monolithic architecture, rest assured, it is not. The plugin APIs are still a core part of Kaleidoscope, it isn't going anywhere. We merely rearranged the sources, is all. Nothing else changes.

Some headers and names did change, however, see UPGRADING.md for more information.

Bidirectional communication for plugins

The bi-directional communication protocol formerly implemented by Kaleidoscope-Focus has been partially pulled into core, using the new plugin system mentioned above. The new system makes it a lot easier for both end-users and developers to use the feature.

See UPGRADING.md for more information.

Consistent timing

Numerous plugins use timers, most of them directly calling millis(). This has the disadvantage that calls within a main loop cycle will be inconsistent, which makes timing synchronization across plugins hard. The newly introduced Kaleidoscope.millisAtCycleStart() function helps dealing with this issue.

See UPGRADING.md for more information.

USB detach / attach

It is now possible to detach, and re-attach the USB link from/to the host, without resetting the device. The intent of this feature (as implemented by the Kaleidoscope.detachFromHost() and Kaleidoscope.attachToHost() methods) is to allow configuration changes without rebooting.

See the Kaleidoscope-USB-Quirks plugin for a use-case.

Finer stickability controls for OneShot

The OneShot plugin gained finer stickability controls, one can now control whether the double-tap stickiness is enabled on a per-key basis. See UPGRADING.md for more information.

A way to slow down Unicode input

In certain cases we need to delay the unicode input sequence, otherwise the host is unable to process the input properly. For this reason, the Unicode gained an .input_delay() method that lets us do just that. It still defaults to no delay.

Better support for modifiers in the Cycle plugin

The Cycle plugin has much better support for cycling through keys with modifiers applied to them, such as LSHIFT(Key_A). Please see the documentation and the updated example for more information.

More control over when to send reports during Macro playback

There are situations where one would like to disable sending a report after each and every step of a macro, and rather have direct control over when reports are sent. The new WITH_EXPLICIT_REPORT, WITH_IMPLICIT_REPORT and SEND_REPORT steps help with that. Please see the Macros documentation for more information.

LED-ActiveModColor can be asked to not highlight normal modifiers

The plugin was intended to work with OneShot primarily, and that's where it is most useful. To make it less surprising, and more suitable to include it in default-like firmware, we made it possible to ask it not to highlight normal modifiers. Please see the LED-ActiveModColor documentation for more information.

Events now trigger on layer changes

Changing layers now triggers the onLayerChange event - but only if there was real change (thus, calling Layer.on(SOME_LAYER) multiple times in a row will only trigger one event). This event was introduced to help plugins that depend on layer state schedule their work better.

Hyper and Meh keys

To make it easier to create custom shortcuts, that do not interfere with system ones, an old trick is to use many modifiers. To make this easier, Ctrl+Shift+Alt is commonly abbreviated as Meh, while Ctrl+Shift+Alt+Gui is often called Hyper. To support this, we offer the Key_Meh and Key_Hyper aliases, along with MEH(k) and HYPER(k) to go with them.

keymap internals are now a one dimensional array

Historically, Kaleidoscope used the dimensional array keymaps to map between logical key position and hardware key position. keymaps has been replaced with keymaps_linear, which moves the keymap to a simple array. This makes it easier to support new features in Kaleidoscope and simplifies some code

PER_KEY_DATA macros

New PER_KEY_DATA and PER_KEY_DATA_STACKED macros are available (when defined by a hardware implementation). These macros make it easier to build features like KEYMAPS that track some data about each key on a keyboard.

New hardware support

Kaleidoscope has been ported to the following devices:

• Atreus: All known variants of the original Atreus are supported. From the Legacy Teensy variant, through the pre-2016 PCB with an A* MCU, the post-2016 PCB, and FalbaTech's handwired one too. Apart from the legacy Teensy variant, the other support both the A* or a Teensy as an MCU.
• ErgoDox: Originally developed to support the ErgoDox EZ, but all other compatible hardware is supported, such as the original ErgoDox and anything else wired like it, like some Dactyls.
• Planck: AVR-based Plancks, and anything else wired similarly should be supported, as long as they use a Teensy.
• Splitography: Initial support for the Splitography Steno keyboard.

For more information, please see the hardware plugins' documentation.

To make it easier to port Kaleidoscope, we introduced the ATMegaKeyboard base class. For any board that's based on the ATMega MCU and a simple matrix, this might be a good foundation to develop the hardware plugin upon.

New plugins

CharShift

The CharShift plugin allows independent assignment of symbols to keys depending on whether or not a shift key is held.

AutoShift

The AutoShift plugin provides an alternative way to get shifted symbols, by long-pressing keys instead of using a separate shift key.

DynamicMacros

The DynamicMacros plugin provides a way to use and update macros via the Focus API, through Chrysalis.

IdleLEDs

The IdleLEDs plugin is a simple, yet, useful one: it will turn the keyboard LEDs off after a period of inactivity, and back on upon the next key event.

LEDActiveLayerColor

The [LEDActiveLayerColor][plugins/Kaleidoscope-LEDActiveLayerColor.md] plugin makes it possible to set the color of all LEDs to the same color, depending on which layer is active topmost.

LED-Wavepool

We integrated the LEDWavepool plugin by ToyKeeper, with a few updates and new features added.

Turbo

The Turbo plugin provides a way to send keystrokes in very quick succession while holding down a key.

WinKeyToggle

The WinKeyToggle plugin assists with toggling the Windows key on and off - a little something for those of us who game under Windows and are tired of accidentally popping up the start menu.

FirmwareDump

The FirmwareDump plugin makes it possible to dump one's firmware over Focus.

Breaking changes

Implementation of type Key internally changed from C++ union to class

Type Key was originally implemented as a C++ union. For technical reasons it had to be converted to a C++ class. This implies that the double usage of the original union, holding either raw data (member raw) or key code/key flags data (members keyCode and flags) is no more possible.

Direct use of member raw will emit a diagnostic compiler message but will cause the firmware linking process to fail. For a deprecation periode keyCode and flags keep on being supported but will cause deprecation warnings during compile.

Please see the relevant upgrade notes for information about how to upgrade legacy code.

LEDControl.paused has been deprecated

The .paused property of LEDControl has been deprecated in favour of the new LEDControl.disable() and LEDControl.enable() methods. These two will turn off or refresh the LEDs, respectively, along with disabling or re-enabling future updates and syncs.

The NumPad plugin no longer toggles NumLock

The NumPad plugin used to toggle NumLock when switching to the NumPad layer. This caused issues on OSX where NumLock is interpreted as Clear. For this reason, the plugin no longer does this. As a consequence, everyone's encouraged to update their keymap so that the numpad layer uses normal number keys instead of the keypad numbers. See Model01-Firmware#79 for an example about how to do this.

The RxCy macros and peeking into the keyswitch state

The RxCy macros changed from being indexes into a per-hand bitmap to being an index across the whole keyboard. This mostly affected the MagicCombo plugin.

Please see the relevant upgrade notes for more information.

The Redial plugin had a breaking API change

The Redial plugin was simplified, one no longer needs to define Key_Redial on their own, the plugin defines it itself. See the upgrade notes for more information about how to upgrade.

Color palette storage has changed

The LED-Palette-Theme had to be changed to store the palette colors in reverse. This change had to be made in order to not default to a bright white palette, that would draw so much power that most operating systems would disconnect the keyboard due to excessive power usage. With inverting the colors, we now default to a black palette instead. This sadly breaks existing palettes, and you will have to re-set the colors.

We also changed when we reserve space for the palette in EEPROM: we used to do it as soon as possible, but that made it impossible to go from a firmware that does not use the plugin to one that does, and still have a compatible EEPROM layout. We now reserve space as late as possible. This breaks existing EEPROM layouts however.

EEPROM-Keymap changed Focus commands

The EEPROMKeymap plugin was changed to treat built-in (default) and EEPROM-stored (custom) layers separately, because that's less surprising, and easier to work with from Chrysalis. The old keymap.map and keymap.roLayers commands are gone, the new keymap.default and keymap.custom commands should be used instead.

EEPROMSettings' version() setter has been deprecated

We're repurposing the version setting: instead of it being something end-users can set, we'll be using it internally to track changes made to EEPROMSettings itself, with the goal of allowing external tools to aid in migrations. The setting wasn't widely used - if at all -, which is why we chose to repurpose it instead of adding a new field.

Key masking has been deprecated

Key masking was a band-aid introduced to avoid accidentally sending unintended keys when key mapping changes between a key being pressed and released. Since the introduction of keymap caching, this is no longer necessary, as long as we can keep the mapping consistent. Users of key masking are encouraged to find ways to use the caching mechanism instead.

Bugfixes

We fixed way too many issues to list here, so we're going to narrow it down to the most important, most visible ones.

Support for BIOSes, EFI, login prompts, etc

Keyboards report keys pressed to the host via either of two protocols: the boot protocol, or the report protocol. The boot protocol is the simpler, and it is what older BIOSes, EFI, and certain OS login prompts (or hard disk password prompts and the like) require. Until recently, the firmware wasn't able to provide this protocol, only the more advanced report one, which is required for N-key roll-over.

We now support the boot protocol, and on operating systems that fully conform to the USB specification, this works automatically. For all others, one can implement a way to force one mode or the other. See the factory firmware for an example how to achieve this.