@ -1,14 +1,10 @@
# Kaleidoscope Plugin API Internals
This document attempts to explain how the plugin system works internally, behind
the scenes. We feel this is necessary, because there are some unorthodox
solutions in play, which make the code incredibly hard to untangle. This is an
unavoidable side-effect of employing a system that lets us use non-virtual
functions, and save large amounts of RAM thereby. It would be a lot simpler
without this feature, but alas, saving hundreds of bytes of RAM is something we
felt is worth the complexity.
In this document we explain how the plugin system works behind the scenes.
Lets start at the top:
This is useful because there are some unorthodox solutions in play that make the code incredibly hard to untangle. It's an unavoidable side effect of employing a system that uses non-virtual functions, which lets us save large amounts of RAM.
Let's start at the top:
## `KALEIDOSCOPE_INIT_PLUGINS`
@ -45,20 +41,20 @@ another header, because it belongs to `Kaleidoscope.h`.
This is where things get interesting. This macro does two things:
- It creates `kaleidoscope_internal::EventDispatcher` , a class with a single
method, `apply` . This is a templated method, t he template argument is the
method `apply` will call. Thus , `EventDispatcher::template apply<foo>` will
resolve to a function that calls the `foo` method of each plugin we listed
method, `apply` . This is a templated method. T he template argument is the
method `apply` calls. Therefore , `EventDispatcher::template apply<foo>`
resolves to a function that calls the `foo` method of each plugin we list
for `KALEIDOSCOPE_INIT_PLUGINS` . We'll see in a bit how this happens.
- The other part creates overrides for the `Kaleidoscope::Hooks::` family of
functions. These are wrappers around `EventDispatcher::template apply<foo>` .
We have these so higher level code would not need to care about the
implementation details, so that i t can invoke the hooks as if they were
We have these so that higher level code does not need to be concerned with the
implementation details. I t can invoke the hooks as if they were
ordinary functions.
## `_FOR_EACH_EVENT_HANDLER(_REGISTER_EVENT_HANDLER)`
Lets look at `_FOR_EACH_EVENT_HANDLER` and `_REGISTER_EVENT_HANDLER` first,
Let' s look at `_FOR_EACH_EVENT_HANDLER` and `_REGISTER_EVENT_HANDLER` first,
because that's easier to explain, and does not lead down another rabbit hole.
### `_REGISTER_EVENT_HANDLER`
@ -163,7 +159,7 @@ this to be able to make sense of `_REGISTER_EVENT_HANDLER` above.
### `_INLINE_EVENT_HANDLER_FOR_PLUGIN`
This in isolation, is not very interesting, and is closely tied to
In isolation, this is not very interesting, and is closely tied to
`EventDispatcher` . The definition is here so we can look at it while we learn
the details of `EventDispatcher` below.
@ -180,10 +176,10 @@ the details of `EventDispatcher` below.
### Back to `EventDispatcher` ...
The `EventDispatcher` structure has a single method: `apply<>` , which need s an
event handler as its template argument. What the macro does, is call the event
The `EventDispatcher` structure has a single method: `apply<>` , which require s an
event handler as its template argument. The macros calls the event
handler given in the template argument for each and every initialised plugin.
It's best explained with an example! Lets use two plugins, `SomePlugin` and
It's best explained with an example! Let' s use two plugins, `SomePlugin` and
`ExampleEffect` :
```c++
@ -243,9 +239,9 @@ struct EventDispatcher {
Because we call `EventHandler_onSetup::call` with the plugin as the first
argument, and because `call` is also a templated function, where the first
argument is templated, we get a method that is polymorphic on its first
argument. Meaning, for each and every plugin, we'll have a matching
`EventHandler_onSetup::call` , that is tied to that plugin. *This* is the magic
that lets us use non-virtual methods!
argument. This means that for each and every plugin, we have a matching
`EventHandler_onSetup::call` that is tied to that plugin. *This* is the magic
that lets us use non-virtual methods.
## Exploring what the compiler does
@ -335,8 +331,8 @@ present.
## Summary
As we can see, there is a lot going on behind the scenes, and a combination of
As you can see, there is a lot going on behind the scenes, and a combination of
template meta programming and pre-processor macros is used to accomplish our
goal. But following the code path like we di d above allows us to see what the
compiler sees (more or less), and inlining all the things that are done
compile-time gives us the final code, which is pretty simple by that point.
goal. Following the code path as outline d above allows us to see what the
compiler sees (more or less), and inlining all the things that are done at
compile-time provides us with the final code, which is pretty simple by that point.