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Kaleidoscope/docs/codebase/glossary.md

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# Glossary
This document is intended to name and describe the concepts, functions and data structures inside Kaleidoscope.
It is, as yet, incredibly incomplete.
4 years ago
When describing an identifier of any kind from the codebase, it should be
written using identical capitalization to its use in the code and surrounded by backticks: `identifierName`
## Firmware Terminology
These terms commonly arise when discussing the firmware.
4 years ago
### Keyswitch
A single physical input, such as a keyswitch or other input like a knob or a slider
### Key number
An integer representing a Keyswitchs position in the “Physical Layout”
### Physical Layout
A mapping of keyswitches to key numbers
### Key binding
A mapping from a key number to a behavior.
### `Key`
A representation of a specific behavior. Most often a representation of a specific entry in the USB HID Usage Tables.
### Keymap
A list of key bindings for all keyswitchess on the Physical Layout
### Keymaps
An ordered list of all the Keymaps installed on a keyboard.
### Layer
An entry in that ordered list of keymaps. Each layer has a unique id number that does not change. Layer numbers start at 0.
### Active Layer Stack
An ordered list of all the currently-active layers, in the order they should be evaluated when figuring out what a key does.
### Override Layer
A special layer thats always active and evaluated before checking keys in the “Active layer stack”
## Keyswitch state
### Pressed
The state of a keyswitch that has been actuated by the user or a routine acting on behalf of the user
### Unpressed
The state of a keyswitch that is not currently actuated
### Toggled on
The state of a keyswitch that was not pressed during the last scan cycle and is now pressed.
### Toggled off
The state of a keyswitch that was pressed during the last scan cycle and is no longer pressed.
### Cycle
The `loop` method in one's sketch file is the heart of the firmware. It runs -
as the name suggests - in a loop. We call these runs cycles. A lot of things
happen within a cycle: from key scanning, through key event handling, LED
animations, and so on and so forth.
### Event handler
A function, usually provided by a [`Plugin`](#plugin) that is run by a [`Hook`](#hook).
At the time of this writing, the following event handlers are run by hooks:
- `onSetup`: Run once, when the plugin is initialised during
`Kaleidoscope.setup()`.
- `beforeEachCycle`: Run as the first thing at the start of each [cycle](#cycle).
- `onKeyswitchEvent`: Run for every non-idle key, in each [cycle](#cycle) the
key isn't idle in. If a key gets pressed, released, or is held, it is not
considered idle, and this event handler will run for it too.
- `beforeReportingState`: Runs each [cycle](#cycle) right before sending the
various reports (keys pressed, mouse events, etc) to the host.
- `afterEachCycle`: Runs at the very end of each [cycle](#cycle).
### Hook
A point where the core firmware calls [event handlers](#event-handler), allowing
[plugins](#plugin) to augment the firmware behaviour, by running custom code.
### Plugin
An Arduino library prepared to work with Kaleidoscope. They implement methods
from the `kaleidoscope::Plugin` (usually a subset of them). See [event
handlers](#event-handler) above for a list of methods.
## Testing
These terms arise when discussing the testing framworks and related tests.
### Sim Harness
An abstraction used in testing to inject events into or invoke actions on the
simulated firmware. This abstraction comprises half of the interface to the
[test simulator](#test-simulator).
### Sim State
An abstraction used in testing to encapsulate, snapshot, and examine firmware
state. This abstraction comprises half of the interface to the [test
simulator](#test-simulator).
### Test
An indivial assertion or expectation that must hold for a [test
case](#test-case) to pass.
### Test Case
An indivual `TEST*` macro invocation. Its body consists of one or [tests](#test)
and optionally other code, e.g. to invoke the [test harness](#test-harness).
Note that gtest uses the non-standard term _Test_ for what we call a [Test
Case](#test-case).
### Test File
An individual file containing one or more [test suites](#test-suite).
### Test Fixture
A class comprising setup, teardown, and other code and common state to make
writing [test cases](#test-case) easieer. A fresh object of the fixture class
associated with a [test suite](#test-suite) is constructed for each run of each
[teset case](#test-case) in the [test suite](#test-suite).
### Test Simulator
An abstraction wrapping a virtual firmware build that allows performing
actions against the virtual firmware and reading state out of the virtual
firmware. The interface to the test simular is comprised of the [sim
harness](#sim-harness) and the [sim state](#sim-state).
### Test Suite
A collection of related [test cases](#test-case), optionally with an associated
[test fixture](#test-fixture).